Engine.



No. 666,644. Patented lan. 29, |90I. B. BURNS &. C. K PICKLES.

ENGINE.

(Application led Nov. 20) 1899.) (uolaodel.) 3 sham-snm l.

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No. 666,644. l Ptonted lan. 29, I90I. R. BUBNS'. C. K. PICKLES.

l E n s l u E. (Application med Nav. 20, 1899.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

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flin# No. 666,644.` Patented I an. 29, |901.

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ENGINE.

`App1iction led Nov. 20, 1899.)

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT `BURNS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, AND CHARLES K. PICKLES, ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI; SAID PICKLES ASSIGNOR TO BUR'I E; TILDEN, OF

cIIIcAeo, ILLINOIS.

ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 666,644, dated January 29, 19011;. Application led November 20, 1899. Serial No. 737,677. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, t may concern,.-

Beit known that We, ROBERT BURNS, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of lllinois, and CHARLES K. PIcKLEs, of St. Louis,

in the State of Missouri, citizens of the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Engines; and We do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, refxo erence being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

The present invention relates to that class of engines in which a series of cylinders and pistons are coupled together to operate in unison and impart motion to a common shaft, and more particularly to thatclass of such engines in which the common shaft aforesaid constitutes the carrying-arbor for the drill of a portable pnenmatically-operated drillingzo machine.

The present improvement has for its object to provide a simple and efficient construction of an engine cylinder and piston in which positive reciprocation is had of the piston or z 5 cylinder, as the case may be, without the necessity of the usual stuffing-boxes and which at the same time affords a very compact and economical construction of the parts, such engines being coupled together to constitute 3o a light, portable, and efficient pneumaticallyactuated drilling-machine, all as will hereinafter more fully appear and be more fully pointed out in the claims. We attain such object by a construction and arrangement of parts substantially as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a sectional view at linea: m, Fig. 5, and in a plane parallel with the axis of the drill-carrying arbor; Fig. 2, a similar 4o view at line m, Fig. 5; Fig.` 3, a sectional view at line a: fr, Figs. l and 5; Fig. 4, a similar view at line a, 3 a: 3, Figs. l and 5; Fig. 5, a sectional view on a plane at right angles to Figs. 3 and 4: and taken on line a: w, Figs. l

and 3; Figs. 6 and 7, diagram views of two forms of speed-gearing for connecting the engine-shafts to the drill-carrying arbor or shaft of the apparatus.

Similar numerals of reference indicate like 5o parts in the several views. f

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents an arranged the open-ended portion vof the piston 2 is exterior to the secondary piston 3 and is capable of operative connection in any usual manner to the mechanism to be propelled.

With a construction as above described piston-chambers 4: and 5 of dierential areas are formed in the main cylinder l and in the piston 2, and such chambers will have the usual inlet-outlet ports or passages 6 and 7, the port or passage 7 to the piston-chamber 5 being extended up through the secondary piston 3, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5.

It is within the province of this part of the present invention to so arrange the hereinbefore-described engine parts with the main piston 2 as the stationary member and the main cylinder l and the secondary piston 3 as the moving members of the engine, the engine ports and passages being correspondingly modified.

In the present construction the pair of main cylinders l and l are connected together integrally to constitute the engine frame or casing and aiord a means of support for the connecting mechanism of the present pneumatic motor or engine, as Wellas a means of support for the secondary piston 3, heretofore described, and which piston in the construction shown is formed with a cnrvedextension or bridge piece 8 for such purpose, as wellas to serve as a housing for the inlet-outlet duct or passage 7 to the piston-chamber 5, heretofore described.

Each engine is provided with its individual controlling-valve mechanism for reversing the course of the motive iiuid to the respective piston-chambers 4. and 5 of the particular engine, and, as shown, 9 9 are a counterpart pair of tubularl piston-valves of the usual form, one for each engine. Y

lO 10 are the cylindrical valve-housings,

IOO

upper opening 11 communicates with the pas-` sage 6 to the upper piston-chamber 4, the intermediate opening 12 with the passage 7 to the lower piston-chamber 5, while the lower opening 13 is an exhaust-opening communicating with the atmosphere.

14 is an annular chamber formed in the piston-valve and at all times in communication with the branch supply port or passage 15 and adapted with the movement of the valve to alternately supply motive fluid to the upper and lower piston-chambers of the engine.

16 is a secondary annular chamber formed in the pistonvalve and adapted with the proper movement of the valve toopen the piston-chamber to the exhaust-opening 13, an exhaust from the other piston-chamber 4 being effected by an uncovering of the opening 11 by the valve, the exhaust then taking place down through the tubular bore of the valve and thence to the exhaust-opening 13.

The parof branch su pply-passages to the engine-valve are both connected to a central I housing 17, in the interior of which is arranged the tubular throttle-valve 18, that is threaded loosely into the upper end thereof, so as t0 prevent accidental detachment.

19 is a tubular handle-stem having suitable connection in any usual manner with the source of motive-fluid supply and arranged within the interior of the throttle-valve 18, as shown, and secured iixedly in place by its lower screwthreaded end screwing into a correspondingly-formed socket at the bottom of the housing 17. 2O represents ports in said handle-stem adapted to register with corresponding ports and an annular chamber 21 in the valve 18 to admit or cut off the supply of motive iiuid to the branch passages 15, heretofore described, and which branch passages communicate with the annular chamber 21, as shown in Fig. 4, the construction being such that the admission and control of the motive-Huid supply are regulated by a rotation of the tubular throttle-valve 18.

22 represents prolongations of the main pistons formed with slotted yokes 23, adapted to engage the cranks of the individual crankshafts, hereinafter described.

23 represents individual crank-shafts arranged in parallel relation and provided at opposite ends with a valve-operating eccentric 24, a driving-piston 25, and an intermediate crank 26 through friction-roller 27 011 the wrist-pin of the crank, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 5.

28 is a hanger-bracket secured to the lower end of the engine frame or casing and provided with side bearings 29 for the crankshafts 23 and with an intermediate central bearing 30 for the intermediate counter-shaft 31, hereinafter described. Such hangerbracket will be of the irregular shape shown and will be secured to the main casing by studbolts 32 or other like fastening means.

33 is a cap or cover for one end ot' the engine frame or casing, detachably secured in place by any usual fastening means and adapted to inclose the operating mechanism above described.

The crank-shafts 23 23, pinions 25 25, spurgear 34, and counter-shaft 31 constitute the primary reduction of the present invention and is illustrated in diagram view, Fig. 7, and when so desired the counter-shaft 31 can be extended outside the motor-casing to constitute a drill-carrying arbor and afl-ord a high-speed drill construction. A slow-speed and powerful mechanism is, however, generally desired, and to this end a secondaryreduction mechanism is providedand which is illustrated in diagram view, Fig. 6, in addition to the other views of the accompanying drawings, and the same will comprise the following additional mechanism:

35 is a centrally-arranged shaft or arbor carrying on its middle portion and withinthe interior of t-he main casing a gear-wheel 36, that has operative engagement with a pinion 37 on the end of the counter-shaft 3l opposite to that on which the gear-wheel 34 is arranged and receives a reduced speed from such pinion. In the construction shown one end of the shaft 35 extends outside the motorcasing, constituting an arbor for the attachment of the chuck or holder for the drill orv other tool, as usual' in the present class of pneumatic power-drills.

3S is a screw-threaded arbor attached to the motor-casing in axial alinement with the shaft 35 and forming a portion of the usual positive feed mechanism with which the motor is furnished when used as a power-drill for working in metals.

39 represents the eccentric-rods bywhich the yokes of the eccentrics 2-.L are connected to the respective engine-valves, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 5.

Having thus fully described our said invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a portable pneumatic motor of the character herein described, the combination of a pair of double-acting engines having diiferential piston areas and each comprising a main stationary cylinder, a hollow reciprocating piston which also constitutes a secondary cylinder and provided with prolongations, and a stationary piston fitting the chamber of the hollow piston, a pair of shafts in parallel alinement each shaft individual to an engine and operatively connected to the prolongations of its hollow piston in an individual manner, a drill-arbor arranged independent of said shafts, and operative connections imposing isochronal movement upon the parts, substantially as set forth.

2. In a portable pneumatic motor of the character herein described, the combination of IOD IIO

IIS

a pair of double-acting engines having differentialpiston areas and each comprisinga main stationary cylinder, a hollow reciprocating piston which also constitutes a secondary cylinder and provided with prolongations, and a stationary piston fitting the chamber of the hollow piston, piston-valves in parallel alinement with the engine-cylinders, a pair of shafts in parallel alinexnent each shaft individual to an engine and operatively connected to the prolongations of its hollow piston in an individual manner, a drill-arbor arranged independent of said shafts, operative connections imposing isochronal movement upon the parts, and operative connections between the. shafts and the engine-valves, substantially as set forth.

3. Ina portable pneumatic motor of the character herein described, the combination of apair of double-acting engines having dier- -ential piston areas and each comprisinga main stationary cylinder, a hollow reciprocating` piston which also constitutes a secondary cylinder and provided with prolongations, and a stationary piston fitting the chamber of the hollow piston, a pair of shafts in parallel alinement each shaft individual to an engine and operatively connected to the prolongations of its hollow piston in an individual manner, a drill-arbor journaled between the engine-cylinders, and intermediate operative connections imposing isochronal movement upon the parts, substantially as set forth.

4. In a pneumatic motor of the class herein described, the combination of a pair of double-acting engines having differential piston areas, the pistons of which arev formed with prolongations having at their ends crank-engaging yokes, a pair of crank-shafts in parallel alinement, each shaft individual to an engine, and operative connections between said shafts imposing isochronal movement upon the same, and an engine-casing the interior of which is formed to inclose said shafts and connections, substantially as set forth;

5. In a pneumatic motor of the class herein described, the combination of a pair of double-acting engines having differential piston areas, the pistons of which are formed with prolongations having at their ends crank-engaging yokes, a pair of crank-shafts in parallel alinement, each shaft individual to an engine, operative connections between said shafts imposing isochronal movement upon said shafts, the same comprising an intermediate counter-shaft and gearing connections between the same and the shafts aforesaid, and an engine-casing the interior of which is formed to inclose said shafts and connections, substantially as set forth.

6. In a pneumatic motor of the class herein described, the combination of a pair of double-acting engines having dierential piston areas the pistons of which are formed with prolongations having at their ends crank-engaging yokes, a pair of crank-shafts in parallel alinement each shaft individual to an engine, operative connections between said shafts imposing isochronal movement upon the same, a secondary power-shaft a secondary operative connection, and an engine-cas-v ing the interior of which is formed to inclose said shafts and connections, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof witness our hands this 31st day of October, 1899.

ROBERT BURNS. CHARLES K. rroKLEs.

In presence of- JosIE V. PICKLEs, H. A. YNo'rfr. 

